Carbon nanomaterial fabrication leads sustainable green industrial materials toward a new horizon. Carbon tubular nanofibers are playing a vital role in the field of energy and environmental safety. This book introduces the knowledge of carbon-based tubular nanofibers. Therefore, researchers, scientists, and academia can learn and synthesize the cutting-edge materials and techniques for the fabrication of tubular carbon nanofibers for advanced applications.

This book starts with a depth introductory section on the crosslinking polymers along with different synthetic routes, morphological features, and applications in various fields (Chapter 1). Chapter 2 is a novel synthetic method for tubular hypercrosslinked polymer nanofibers and their mechanism. This chapter describes the potential of carbon tubular nanofibers in polymers, and the common synthetic procedures and formation of mechanism procedure.Chapter 3 is the design and preparation of self-driven BSA surface imprinted tubular nanofibers and their specific adsorption performance, which summarizes the surface protein imprinting technique and its applications as a functional carrier, carrier material surface design and construction, and the composition of the imprinted layer polymer. Chapter 4 introduces functional carbon nanomaterial as an efficient metal ion adsorbent from wastewater. In this chapter, carbon-based nanomaterial synthesis such as magnetic nanomaterials, selectively functionalized nanomaterials and their application for wastewater treatment. Chapter 5 demonstrates the synthesis of carbon tubular nanofibers by different methods from various sources and functionalized for uranium extraction. Chapter 6 is the uranium adsorption property of carboxylated tubular carbon nanofibers enhanced chitosan microspheres. In this chapter, experimental and theoretical approaches include carboxyl group (COOH), and the mechanism of composite formation with biopolymers. Chapter 7 utilizes hypercrosslinked tubular nanofibers and biomass-derived nanofibers that possess different diameters, lengths, and surface pore structures for oil separation application. Chapter 8 is a fabrication of carboxylated tubular carbon

nanofibers as anode electrodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. This chapter introduces carboxyl-modified tubular carbon nanofibers that are prepared using carbonization and liquid phase oxidation technology for energy application. Chapter 9 discusses the synthesis of tubular carbon nanofibers loaded with different MnO2 as composite electrode materials. Chapter 10 is the preparation and microwave absorption properties of tubular carbon nanofibers and magnetic nanofibers. This chapter summarizes the synthesis of one-dimensional carbon nanomaterials from synthetic polymers or natural polymers using various preparation methods such as the arc discharge method, laser ablation method,chemical vapor deposition method, and flame method for microwave application. Chapter 11 discusses synthesis and microwave absorption applications of multiple composite tubular carbon nanofibers. The 1D multishell composite absorbers include fiber based multishell absorbers, magnetic nanochain-based multishell absorbers, inorganic nanowire-based multishell absorbers, magnetic tubular fiber with multi-layer heterostructure and core-shell MnO2@NC@MoS2 nanowires. Chapter 12 is biomedical applications of multifunctional tubular nanofibers. This chapter introduces the use of tubular carbon nanofibers in medical field applications such as vascular, urethral, nerve tissues, cardiac tissues, and soft bone engineering.